Hepatitis B Surface Antigen
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is a crucial marker indicating the presence of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) in an individual's bloodstream. It plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and management of HBV infection, which affects millions of people worldwide. Understanding the significance of HBsAg is essential for healthcare professionals and individuals alike, as it aids in early detection, appropriate treatment, and prevention strategies to curb the spread of this potentially severe liver disease.
What is the Hepatitis B Surface Antigen?
The hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is a protein that is found on the surface of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). It is a key marker of HBV infection, and its presence in the blood indicates that the person is infected with the virus. HBsAg can be detected in the blood within a few weeks of infection, and it can persist for months or even years. In some cases, people who are infected with HBV may develop chronic hepatitis, which can lead to liver damage and liver cancer.
How is HBsAg transmitted?
HBsAg is transmitted through contact with infected blood or bodily fluids. This can occur through sharing needles or other drug paraphernalia, having unprotected sex with an infected person, or coming into contact with open wounds or sores on an infected person. HBsAg can also be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth. However, there is a vaccine available that can prevent HBV infection, and it is recommended for all infants, children, and adults who are at risk of infection.
What are the symptoms of HBsAg infection?
HBsAg infection can cause a variety of symptoms, including:
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- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Dark urine
- Light-colored stools
- Joint pain
- Fever
- Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
